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        Quiz #12 - Answer
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        The answer is BEAVER. Photo K7 shows the beaver’s LODGE that was directly above the burrow 
		shown in photo K6. 
		However, that said, I came upon the tracks in the 
		mud 30 minutes before I found the beaver lodge. The lodge was well 
		hidden in thick willow brush, and if I hadn’t done the bushwacking, the 
		tracks would’ve been my only clue. So I didn’t necessarily make the quiz 
		harder than it was in the field.  | 
    
      
        
			
				
					
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					 Photo K7  | 
				 
			 
		 
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      | Beaver tracks are not easy to find. They spend most of 
		their time in water, and when they are on land their footprints are 
		usually obliterated by the beaver dragging its tail, a tree, or 
		something else. The tracks in this quiz are the finest beaver tracks I 
		have found, and I was very thankful to encounter them. | 
    
    
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       The footprint in Photo K3 is typical of the 
		beaver’s hind foot – a large webbed foot with five very long toes that 
		have thick, prominent nails. (A large beaver has toes that are almost as 
		long as your fingers. This makes it very distinct from muskrat or 
		otter.) Books say that commonly, only 3 or 4 toes can be seen in the 
		footprint but the webbing can be seen; in this case, however, all 5 toes 
		clearly registered but the webbing basically did not.  | 
    
      
        
          
            
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		 Photo K3     | 
         
       
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      | In this beaver trail, the hind tracks obliterated almost 
		all of the tracks from the front feet, which Elbroch reports to be a 
		common occurrence. However, the faint remains of the smaller footprint 
		pointed out in Photo K4 are the beaver’s front foot. Beavers have tiny 
		front paws and great big hind feet.  | 
    
    
      
        
          
            
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		 Photo K4     | 
         
       
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      | The inward pitch (or "pigeon-toed" appearance) to the 
		footprints is consistent with sketches shown in some references, 
		although other references show zero pitch, and I have yet to find any 
		book that comments on that. | 
    
    
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      | The habitat in this quiz was consistent with beaver, as 
		were the trail width, stride, and signs of feeding on willow twigs – 
		there were hundreds of twigs in the marsh that were bitten off like the 
		one in Photo K5. | 
    
    
      
        
          
            
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		 Photo K5  | 
         
       
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      | The "burrow" was more than just a plain burrow – it was 
		an entrance to the beaver lodge. Usually beaver lodge entrances are 
		underwater and impossible to see. However, one clue in this quiz was the 
		time of year – late August. At this time of year, water levels can 
		recede enough to expose entrances to beaver lodges. If you look closely 
		at Photo K6, you can see that this burrow was completely underwater at 
		an earlier time in the year. | 
    
    
      
        
          
            
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		 Photo K6  | 
         
       
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      | Hope you enjoyed this quiz and stay tuned for the next 
		one! | 
    
    
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         Quiz
        #12 - Question      
		...on to Quiz #13  | 
    
    
      
  
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      (All photos on this page are Copyright © by Brian Booth 
		or Walter Muma unless indicated otherwise) 
        To send comments, questions or feedback about these quizzes,
		email me  | 
   
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